i-manager's Journal on Future Engineering and Technology (JFET)


Volume 6 Issue 2 November - January 2011

Research Paper

Object-based classification of remotely sensed olive tree fields, using mathematical morphology

Mounir Salhi*
Advanced Technologies for Medical and Signals, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax Tunisia.
Salhi , M. (2011). Object-Based Classification Of Remotely Sensed Olive Tree Fields, Using Mathematical Morphology. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 6(2), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.6.2.1320

Abstract

In this paper, we present an object-based approach for rural land cover classification from high-resolution multispectral image data that builds upon a pixel-based segmentation.A mathematical morphology algorithm is then implemented to build objects by a generalization technique to facilitate further object-based classification. The imagery used for this study was acquired by the IKONOS commercial remote sensing satellite and consists of four multi- spectral bands. The object-based classifier uses shape and spectral features to determine the final classification of a segmented image. Using these techniques, the object-based classifier is able to identify olive tree fields from farms and impervious surface.

Research Paper

A New Design of Blood Flow Through Hollow Fibers For Prevention/Minimization Of Hemolysis For Possible Use In Blood Oxygenators And Dialyzers

Karim Salehpoor* , Joseph Genin**, James A. Smoake***
* Mechanical Engineering Department, New Mexico Tech, Socorro.
** Mechanical Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces.
*** Professor Emeritus, Biology Department, New Mexico Tech, Socorro.
Salehpoor, K., Genin , J., and Smoake , J. A. (2011). A New Design Of Blood Flow Through Hollow Fibers For Prevention/Minimization Of Hemolysis For Possible Use In Blood Oxygenators And Dialyzers. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 6(2), 10-19. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.6.2.1321

Abstract

Flow-induced hemolysis is the rupture of red blood cells which occurs in blood flow devices.  Examples of such devices include blood oxygenators or artificial lungs and dialyzers.  In addition to hemolysis, blood coagulation is also associated with the use of blood oxygenators and dialyzers.  Blood coagulation increases the risk of heart attack and stroke while flow-induced hemolysis imposes a limitation on how long a blood oxygenator or a dialyzer can be used by a patient.The objective of this study was to examine if a solid-like flow through the entrance length of a tube could minimize shear stress acting on the red blood cells, thus minimize hemolysis in the tube.  Blood circulation experiments were conducted to determine the effect of the ratio of tube length to entrance length on flow-induced hemolysis in the tube.  Blood samples were taken at different time intervals and tested for hematocrits and concentration of hemoglobin in plasma.  Comparison of the results indicated a decrease in flow-induced hemolysis in the tube with a decrease in the ratio of the tube length to entrance length.

Research Paper

Structural analysis of tissue in contiguous micro calcifications inmammograms for breast cancer identification

Bhagwati Charan Patel* , G. R. Sinha**
* Associate Professor (IT), Shri Shankaracharya College of Engg. & Tech, Bhilai, India.
** Professor & Head (IT), Shri Shankaracharya College of Engg. & Tech, Bhilai, India.
Patel , B. C., and Sinha, G. R. (2011). Structural Analysis Of Tissue In Contiguous Micro Calcifications In Mammograms For Breast Cancer Identification. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 6(2), 20-27. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.6.2.1322

Abstract

Identification of micro-calcifications (MCs) is challenged by the presence of dense breast tissue, resulting in low specificity values and thus in unnecessary biopsies. The current study investigates whether structural properties of the tissue in contiguous MCs can contribute to breast cancer identification.  A sample of 75 dense mammographic images affected with malignant and benign were  collected from BSR APPOLO for cancer research and diagnosis and included in the digital Database. Regions of interest (ROIs) containing the MCs were pre-processed using a wavelet based contrast enhancement method, followed by local thresholding to segment MCs; the segmented MCs were excluded from original image ROIs, and the remaining area (in contiguous tissue) was subjected to structural analysis. Four categories of structural features (first order statistics, co-occurrence matrices features, run length matrices features and Laws’ structural energy measures) were extracted from the contiguous tissue. The ability of each feature category in discriminating malignant from benign tissue was investigated using a k-closest neighbor (kCN) classifier. Receiver Structural Characteristic (RSC) analysis was conducted for classifier performance evaluation of the individual structural feature categories and of the combined classification scheme. The best performance was achieved by the combined classification scheme yielding an area under the RSC curve of 0.96 (sensitivity 94.4%, specificity 80.0%). Structural analysis of tissue in contiguous MCs shows promising results in computer-aided diagnosis of breast cancer and may contribute to the reduction of unnecessary biopsies.

Research Paper

Implementation Of Cloud Based File Management System [CFMS] For Affording Distributed Warehouse Service

D. Kesavaraja* , A. Suthan**, D. Sasireka***, D. Jeyabharathi****
* Lecturer, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dr. Sivanthi Aditanar College of Engineering, Tiruchendur.
** HOD, Department of Computer Applications, Dr. Sivanthi Aditanar College of Engineering, Tiruchendur.
*** Lecturer, Department of Information Technology, PSN College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli.
**** Lecturer, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Einstein College of Engineering, Tirunelveli.
Kesavaraja, D., Suthan, A., Sasireka , D., and Jeyabharathi, D. (2011). Implementation Of Cloud Based File Management System [CFMS] For Affording Distributed Warehouse Service. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 6(2), 28-35. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.6.2.1323

Abstract

Remote web based services provide new scenarios in the emerging computing world. File access has been easy after the distributed computing scenario came into limelight. But security for the Distributed file system has been a very crucial problem to take into account. We propose a Cloud based File Management System[CFMS], so as to provide Data services in the cloud along with required security in the form of Intrusion Tolerance. We use the Model View Controller architecture, separating the business layer from the other layers thereby increasing the security of the system. Intrusion Tolerance is maintained by providing hash values and storing them in the controller, which is located separately from the cluster. These hash codes provide the required information on the attacks performed on a file, which when increases is introduced to the manual administrator of the system, thereby permitting him to increase the security still further. Load balancing and replication transparency are maintained in the system for efficient access to the files contained in the system.

Research Paper

Treatment Of Distillery Wastewater Using Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation

S. Suresh* , Ravi Shankar**, Shri Chand***
* Department of Chemical Engineering, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology (MANIT) Bhopal, M.P., India.
**-*** Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India.
Suresh, S., Shankar, R., and Chand, S. (2011). Treatment Of Distillery Wastewater Using Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 6(2), 36-44. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.6.2.1324

Abstract

In the present paper, treatment of typical high strength distillery wastewater (DWW) by catalytic wet-air oxidation (CWAO) at atmospheric pressure and 343-373 K. Experiments  were  conducted  to  investigate  the  effects  of  temperature (T)  and  catalyst  dosage (m) on  the  chemical  oxygen  demand  (COD) and colour removal. In this study, five catalysts were used namely, CuSO4, ZnCl2, FeCl3, Al(OH)3 and Cu (II)-exchanged NaY zeolite (SZ). The treatment efficiencies were 58.2%, 56.6%, 21.9%, 17.8% of the COD and 88.4%, 80.2%, 13.3%, 12.8% of colour for CuSO4, ZnCl2, FeCl3, and Al(OH)3 in 8h at 373 K and atmospheric pressure, respectively, where else, 13% and 13.3% removal efficiencies of COD, colour at same temperature and pressure, when SZ as a catalyst. The CuSO4 catalyst was found to be best amongst all the catalysts for the treatment of DWW. The experimental data on the DWW exhibited two clearly distinct COD reduction phases: the first phase having fast rate followed by the second phase having slower rate. Both the phases of the CWAO were found to be first order reduction kinetics. The activation energy evaluated for CuSO4 was found to be 2.86 kcal/gmol for the first step and 3.65 kcal/gmol for the second step. The residue can be used as a fuel in the combustion furnaces and the ash obtained can be blended with organic manure and used in agriculture/horticulture.

Research Paper

MHD Thermal Diffusion Natural Convection Flow Between Heated Inclined Plates In Porous Medium

M. C. Raju* , S.V.K. Varma**, N. Anandareddy***
* Principal, Annamacharya PG College of Computer Studies, Rajampet A.P., India.
** Department of Mathematics, S.V. University, Tirupati, A.P., India.
*** Department of Mathematics, A.I.T.S., Rajampet, A.P., India.
Raju, M. C., Varma , S. V. K., and Anandareddy, N. (2011). MHD Thermal Diffusion Natural Convection Flow Between Heated Inclined Plates In Porous Medium. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 6(2), 45-59. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.6.2.1325

Abstract

In this paper, the effect of small uniform magnetic field on separation of a binary mixture in presence of thermo diffusion for the case of fully developed natural convection of a fluid between two heated inclined plates in porous medium is investigated. Neglecting the induced electric field the equations governing the motion, temperature and concentration are solved by simple perturbation technique, in terms of dimensionless parameter measuring buoyancy force. The expressions for velocity, temperature and concentration are obtained. The effects of Hartmann number M, thermal diffusion number td , the constant N which measures the buoyancy force and the angle ? that the plates make with the horizontal are studied on the flow quantities and the results are discussed through graphs.

Research Paper

Finite Element Analysis of Hybrid Composite Joints

Mohamed bak* , K. Kalaichelvan**
* Assistant Professor, Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Tagore Engineering College, Tamil Nadu, India.
** Associate Professor, Department of Production Technology, Anna University, Chennai.
Bak , K. M., and Chelvan, K. K. (2011). Finite Element Analysis Of Hybrid Composite Joints. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 6(2), 50-54. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.6.2.1326

Abstract

The composite structural members are highly used in the following applications such as aerospace, automobiles, robotic arms, architecture etc., has attracted extensive attention in the past decades. One of the important issues in the composite technology is the repairing of aging aircraft structures. In such applications and also for joining various composite parts together, they are fastened together either using adhesives or mechanical fasteners. Modeling and static analysis of 3-D models of the joints (bonded, riveted and hybrid) were carried out using ANSYS 11 FEA software. The results were interpreted in terms of Von Mises stress. A parametric study was also conducted to compare the performance of the hybrid joint with varying adherent thickness, adhesive thickness and overlap length. To utilize the full potential of composite materials as structural elements, the strength and stress distribution of these joints must be understood. ANSYS FEA tool has been performed to investigate the stress distribution characteristics of various configurations of single lap joint. This study was focused on the analysis of stress distribution in three prominent joining methods namely, bonded, riveted and hybrid joints. FEA is used to study the stress distribution in the members involved under various design conditions and various joints failure criteria.

Research Paper

Nanowire Sensors Characterization and Validation using Matlab Models for Disease Detection

Ushaa Eswaran* , M. Madhavi Latha**, G. Madhusudhan Rao***
* Head, Department of ECE, Siddharth Institute of Engineering & Technology, Puttur, Affiliated to JNTU, Anantapur
** Professor and Head, Department of ECE, JNTU, Hyderabad.
*** Principal, Al Aman College of Engineering, Vishakapatnam, Affiliated to JNTU-Kakinada.
Ushaa, S. M., Madhavilatha, M., and Rao, G. M. (2011). Nanowire Sensors Characterization And Validation Using Matlab Models For Disease Detection. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 6(2), 55-62. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.6.2.1327

Abstract

In this paper, the mathematical models required to describe the functionality of nanodevices have been reviewed. Based on these mathematical models sensor equivalent circuits have been developed. An experimental setup is developed to analyze the characteristics of IS Field Effect Transistor (ISFET), nanowire and nanosphere devices. The impact of geometrical properties on device performance is estimated based on the experimental setup. Settling time and surface analyte concentration graphs obtained using the experimental setup is used in designing a nanobio sensor for disease detection. Based on the test results, a mathematical model has been developed in Matlab to model nanodevices. The sensors modeled can be used for automated drug detection and delivery unit.

Research Paper

Estimating the Quality of the Blurred Images using Standard Error as a Quality Metric

R. Maruthi* , S.P. Faustina Joan**, R.Nithya***, R.Sridevi****
* Assistant Professor, Department of MCA, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai.
**-**** PG Students, Department of MCA, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai.
Maruthi, R , Joan, S.P. F., Nithya , R., and Sridevi , R. (2011). Estimating The Quality Of The Blurred Images Using Standard Error As A Quality Metric. i-manager’s Journal on Future Engineering and Technology, 6(2), 63-67. https://doi.org/10.26634/jfet.6.2.1328

Abstract

The goal of this research paper is to assess the quality of the blurred images using a reference image. This is done using a bi-variate measure and is also demonstrated to show how well this measure is used in estimating the quality of the blurred images. Experiments have been performed on various sets of blurred images and the information content in those images has been estimated using standard error as a quality metric.