Performance of Synthetic and Natural Polymer Blends using 3D Printing

Gajanan N. Thokal*, Chandrakant R. Patil**
*-** Department of Mechanical Engineering, Professor Ram Meghe Institute of Technology and Research, Maharashtra, India.
Periodicity:October - December'2019
DOI : https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.15595

Abstract

This study investigates the blends specimen prepared using synthetic polymer like polyamide12 (PA12) and natural polymer like Nanocrystalline Cellulose (NCC) with formic acid solution. The various composition mixtures of synthetic and natural polymer have been prepared. The processing conditions and their influence on mechanical properties of specimens manufactured were evaluated as well as its biomechanical performance was observed. The static tests were performed to evaluate the compressive stress as well as young's modulus. The porosity measurements were done using gas porosimeter to access the strength. It was found that PA12/NCC blends had bone matching properties of goat and confirms that this can be an alternate material for implant applications.

Keywords

Polyamide12 (PA12), Nanocrystalline Cellulose (NCC), Three Dimensional Printing (3DP), porosity, Formic Acid

How to Cite this Article?

Thokal, G.N., and Patil, C. R. (2019). Performance of Synthetic and Natural Polymer Blends using 3D Printing. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 7(3), 43-52. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.7.3.15595

References

[1]. Abitbol, T., Rivkin, A., Cao, Y., Nevo, Y., Abraham, E., Ben-Shalom, T., ... & Shoseyov, O. (2016). Nanocellulose, a tiny fiber with huge applications. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 39, 76-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. copbio.2016.01.002
[2]. An, Y. H., & Draughn, R. A. (1999). Mechanical Testing  of Bone and the Bone-Implant Interface (1st Ed.). CRC Press.
[3]. Campbell, M., Bureau, M. N., & Yahia, L. H. (2008). Performance of CF/PA12 composite femoral stems. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 19(2), 683-693. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-007-3073 -y
[4]. Carter, D. R., & Hayes, W. C. (1977). The compressive behavior of bone as a two-phase porous structure. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American volume, 59(7), 954-962. https://doi.org/10.2106/00004623- 197759070-00021
[5]. Choren, J. A., Heinrich, S. M., & Silver-Thorn, M. B. (2013). Young's modulus and volume porosity relationships for additive manufacturing applications. Journal of Materials Science, 48(15), 5103-5112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-013-7237-5
[6]. Cooper, K. G. (2001). Rapid prototyping technology: Selection and application. Assembly Automation, 21(4), 358-359. https://doi.org/10.1108/aa.2001.21.4.358.1
[7]. Corrêa, A. C., de Morais Teixeira, E., Carmona, V. B., Teodoro, K. B. R., Ribeiro, C., Mattoso, L. H. C., & Marconcini, J. M. (2014). Obtaining nanocomposites of polyamide 6 and cellulose whiskers via extrusion and injection molding. Cellulose, 21(1), 311-322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-013-0132-z
[8]. Giles Jr, H. F., Wagner Jr, J. R., & Mount III, E. M. (2005). Extrusion: The Definitive Processing Guide and Handbook. Norwich, New York: William Andrew.
[9]. Lee, K. Y., Aitomäki, Y., Berglund, L. A., Oksman, K., & Bismarck, A. (2014). On the use of nanocellulose as reinforcement in polymer matrix composites. Composites Science and Technology, 105, 15-27. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.compscitech.2014.08.032
[10]. Lin, N., & Dufresne, A. (2014). Nanocellulose in biomedicine: Current status and future prospect. European Polymer Journal, 59, 302-325. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.07.025
[11]. Moon, R. J., Martini, A., Nairn, J., Simonsen, J., & Youngblood, J. (2011). Cellulose nanomaterials review: Structure, properties and nanocomposites. Chemical Society Reviews, 40(7), 3941-3994. https://doi.org/ 10.1039/C0CS00108B
[12]. Mueller, B. (2012). Additive manufacturing technologies–Rapid prototyping to direct digital manufacturing. Assembly Automation, 32 (2).https://doi.org/10.1108/aa.2012.03332baa.010
[13]. Rahim, T. N. A. T., Abdullah, A. M., Akil, H. M., & Mohamad, D. (2016, December). Comparison of mechanical properties for polyamide 12 compositebased biomaterials fabricated by fused filament fabrication and injection molding. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 1791, No. 1, p. 020007). AIP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4968862
[14]. Rauwendaal, C. (2014). Polymer Extrusion (5th Ed.). Munich, Germany: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG. https://doi.org/10.3139/9781569905395
[15]. Rhee, S., & White, J. L. (2002). Crystal structure and morphology of biaxially oriented polyamide 12 films. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 40(12), 1189-1200. https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.10181
[16]. Slotwinski, J. A., & Garboczi, E. J. (2015). Metrology needs for metal additive manufacturing powders. Jom, 67(3), 538-543. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-014- 1290-7
[17]. Speidel, M. O., & Uggowitzer, P. J. (1998). Materials in Medicine. Switzerland: Vdf Hochschulverlag AG.
If you have access to this article please login to view the article or kindly login to purchase the article

Purchase Instant Access

Single Article

North Americas,UK,
Middle East,Europe
India Rest of world
USD EUR INR USD-ROW
Pdf 35 35 200 20
Online 35 35 200 15
Pdf & Online 35 35 400 25

Options for accessing this content:
  • If you would like institutional access to this content, please recommend the title to your librarian.
    Library Recommendation Form
  • If you already have i-manager's user account: Login above and proceed to purchase the article.
  • New Users: Please register, then proceed to purchase the article.