i-manager Publications

i-manager's Journal on Material Science (JMS)

Current Issue Vol. 12 Issue 3

Thermal Stability of High-Pressure Phase of SrO:Ce Phosphor
Enhanced Light Yield in Organic Plastic Scintillators- Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Polymer Systems
Sugar Adsorption on Nanoporous Carbon Fabricated from Rice Husk
Optimizing Froth Flotation Techniques for Sustainable Beneficiation of Spodumene and Lepidolite in Zimbabwe: Enhancing Lithium Recovery for Battery-Grade Material Production
Optimization of Performance Parameters for Carbonaceous Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries by Dual Ion Beam Sputtering (DIBS) Technology: A Review

Most Cited

Volume 12 Issue 3 October - December 2024

Research Paper

Thermal Stability of High-Pressure Phase of SrO:Ce Phosphor

Keiji Komatsu* , Atsushi Nakamura, Hidetoshi Saitoh*

, Department of Materials Science and Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan.

Chubu Chelest Co., Ltd. Japan.

Komatsu, K., Nakamura, A., and Saitoh, H. (2024). Thermal Stability of High-Pressure Phase of SrO:Ce Phosphor. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 12(3), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.12.3.21696

Abstract

The thermal stability of the high-pressure phase 8-coordination of oxygen in Cerium-doped Strontium oxide (SrO:Ce) phosphors was investigated in this study. Due to the tendency of Strontium oxides 6-coordination of oxygen to react with moisture, high thermal and chemical stability is required for commercial applications. Eight-coordinated SrO:Ce phosphors were synthesized by sintering in a reducing atmosphere, and their thermal stability was examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence (PL), cathodoluminescence (CL), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that the eight-coordinated SrO:Ce phosphors exhibit high thermal stability, particularly after annealing. This is expected to contribute to the development of new fluorescent materials with Ce3+ as the luminescent center.

References

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[25]. Tan, C. M., Chen, B. K. E., Xu, G., & Liu, Y. (2009). Analysis of humidity effects on the degradation of high- power white LEDs. Microelectronics Reliability, 49(9-11), 1226-1230.

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[27]. Wang, T., Li, P., & Li, H. (2014). Color-tunable luminescence of organoclay-based hybrid materials showing potential applications in white LED and thermosensors. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 6(15), 12915-12921.

[28]. Yang, H., & Kim, Y. S. (2008). Energy transfer-based spectral properties of Tb-, Pr-, or Sm-codoped YAG: Ce nanocrystalline phosphors. Journal of Luminescence, 128(10), 1570-1576.

[29]. Yang, S. C., Lin, P., Wang, C. P., Huang, S. B., Chen, C. L., Chiang, P. F., & Chu, M. T. (2010). Failure and degradation mechanisms of high-power white light emitting diodes. Microelectronics Reliability, 50(7), 959-964.

[30]. Yokota, H., Yoshida, M., Ishibashi, H., Yano, T., Yamamoto, H., & Kikkawa, S. (2011). Cathodoluminescence of Ce-doped Gd2SiO5 and Gd9. 33 (SiO4) 6O2 phosphor under continuous electron irradiation. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 509(3), 800-804.

[31]. Yousif, A., Kroon, R. E., Coetsee, E., Ntwaeaborwa, O. M., Ahmed, H. S., & Swart, H. C. (2015). Luminescence and electron degradation properties of Bi doped CaO phosphor. Applied Surface Science, 356, 1064-1069.

[32]. Zhang, Z., Zhang, Y., Li, X., Xu, J., & Huang, Y. (2008). The relationships between crystal structure of alkaline earth metal hexagonal aluminate and 4f–5d transitions of Ce3+ and Tb3+ ions. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 354(18), 1943-1947.

[33]. Zhao, G., Xu, L., Guo, Y., Hou, J., Liu, Y., Zhou, Y., & Fang, Y. (2021). Chromaticity-tunable remote LuYAG: Ce phosphor-in-glass film on regular textured glass substrate for white light emitting diodes. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 41(1), 752-758.

[34]. Zhuang, Y., Li, C., Liu, C., Fu, Y., Shi, Q., Liang, Y., & Xia, L. (2020). High-efficiency YAG: Ce3+ glass-ceramic phosphor by an organic-free screen-printing technique for high-power WLEDs. Optical Materials, 107, 110118.

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Research Paper

Enhanced Light Yield in Organic Plastic Scintillators- Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Polymer Systems

Yuvinka Marcaus*

Department of Material Science, International School of High Management, Tarija, Bolivia.

Marcaus, Y. (2024). Enhanced Light Yield in Organic Plastic Scintillators- Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Polymer Systems. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 12(3), 10-19. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.12.3.21738

Abstract

The enhancement of gamma scintillation light yield in organic plastic scintillators is of great interest for radiation detection applications, particularly in national security, medical imaging, and high-energy physics. This study presents novel polymer matrices incorporating thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) compounds and alternative fluorene-based materials. These materials exhibit significantly improved scintillation efficiency over conventional polyvinyl toluene (PVT) and polystyrene-based scintillators. Comprehensive photophysical characterization, including photoluminescence and radioluminescence measurements, was performed using photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) and silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). The results suggest that TADF-enhanced scintillators achieve superior energy harvesting capabilities, offering a promising route for the development of next-generation organic scintillators.

References

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[2].Birks, J. B. (1964). The Theory and Practice of Scintillation Couting. Pergamon Press.

[3]. Dias, F. B., Santos, J., Graves, D. R., Data, P., Nobuyasu, R. S., Fox, M. A., & Monkman, A. P. (2016). The role of local triplet excited states and DA relative orientation in thermally activated delayed fluorescence: Photophysics and devices. Advanced Science, 3(12), 1600080.

[4]. Guo, Y., Chen, K., Hu, Z., Lei, Y., Liu, X., Liu, M., & Huang, X. (2022). Metal ions as the third component coordinate with the guest to stereoscopically enhance the phosphorescence properties of doped materials. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 13(32), 7607-7617.

[5].Horrocks, D. (Ed.). (2012). Applications of Liquid Scintillation Counting. Elsevier.

[6]. Kimura, K., Kimura, T., Ishihara, M., Nakagawa, Y., Nakao, K., Miyauchi, K., & Japanese Circulation Society Joint Working Group. (2019). JCS 2018 guideline on diagnosis and treatment of acute coronary syndrome. Circulation Journal, 83(5), 1085-1196.

[7].Kishpaugh, D. A. (2017). Synthesis and Analysis of Novel Materials for Plastic Scintillators. (Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles).

[8].Knoll, G. F. (2010). Radiation Detection and Measurement. John Wiley & Sons.

[9]. Kumsampao, J., Chaiwai, C., Sukpattanacharoen, C., Nalaoh, P., Chawanpunyawat, T., Chasing, P., & Promarak, V. (2022). Solid State fluorophores with combined excited state intramolecular proton transfer aggregation induced emission as efficient emitters for electroluminescent devices. Advanced Photonics Research, 3(3), 2100141.

[10]. Lei, Y., Dai, W., Li, G., Zhang, Y., Huang, X., Cai, Z., & Dong, Y. ( 2023 ) . Stimulus- responsive organic phosphorescence materials based on small molecular host–guest doped systems. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 14(7), 1794-1807.

[11]. Lin, Z., Lv, S., Yang, Z., Qiu, J., & Zhou, S. (2022). Structured scintillators for efficient radiation detection. Advanced Science, 9(2), 2102439.

[12]. Liu, Y., Li, C., Ren, Z., Yan, S., & Bryce, M. R. (2018). All-organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials for organic light-emitting diodes. Nature Reviews Materials, 3(4), 1-20.

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[14]. Rajamalli, P., Senthilkumar, N., Gandeepan, P., Ren- Wu, C. C., Lin, H. W., & Cheng, C. H. (2016). A method for reducing the singlet–triplet energy gaps of TADF materials for improving the blue OLED efficiency. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 8(40), 27026-27034.

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[17]. Xiong, W., Zhang, C., Fang, Y., Peng, M., & Sun, W. (2022). Progresses and perspectives of near-infrared emission materials with “heavy metal-free” organic compounds for electroluminescence. Polymers, 15(1), 98.

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Research Paper

Sugar Adsorption on Nanoporous Carbon Fabricated from Rice Husk

Naoya Kubo* , Yukino Kanma, Rui Okuda, Keiji Komatsu, Hidetoshi Saitoh

*-***** Department of Materials Science and Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan.

Kubo, N., Kanma, Y., Okuda, R., Komatsu, K., and Saitoh, H. (2024). Sugar Adsorption on Nanoporous Carbon Fabricated from Rice Husk. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 12(3), 20-30. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.12.3.21687

Abstract

Carbon materials have different types of voids, namely ordered or disordered pore diameters, interlayers, silt-like pores, and free volumes. In this study, the selective sugar adsorption behaviour of carbon materials with different void types was investigated. Specifically, the sugar adsorption behaviour of nanoporous carbon (NPC) prepared from rice husks was examined and compared with that of commercial activated carbon, polymer-like carbon (PLC), and polyethylene (PE). For this purpose, glucose, sucrose, and maltotriose solutions of varying molecular weights were used. The results indicate that NPC selectively adsorbs sugar due to its unique micropore-filling phenomenon. Additionally, these findings suggest that NPC and related materials have potential for use in medical applications.

References

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[15]. Komatsu, K., Yamada, T., Kudo, Y., Ishibashi, Y., Toda, I., Ohshio, S., & Saitoh, H. (2020). Structural behaviours of nanoporous carbon fabricated from rice husk. Physica E: Low-Dimensional Systems and Nanostructures, 115, 113661.

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[17]. Liu, J. C., & Monson, P. A. (2006). Monte Carlo simulation study of water adsorption in activated carbon. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 45(16), 5649-5656.

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Research Paper

Optimizing Froth Flotation Techniques for Sustainable Beneficiation of Spodumene and Lepidolite in Zimbabwe: Enhancing Lithium Recovery for Battery-Grade Material Production

Farai Katsande* , Phiri, Mufaro S Nyambara*

*-*** Harare Institute of Technology, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Katsande, F., Phiri, and Nyambara, M. S. (2024). Optimizing Froth Flotation Techniques for Sustainable Beneficiation of Spodumene and Lepidolite in Zimbabwe: Enhancing Lithium Recovery for Battery-Grade Material Production. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 12(3), 31-40. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.12.3.21739

Abstract

Zimbabwe hosts Africa's largest hard-rock lithium reserves, presenting a significant opportunity for local battery-grade lithium production. This study focuses on optimizing froth flotation for sustainable beneficiation of spodumene and lepidolite, primarily from the Bikita lithium deposit. Experimental results confirmed froth flotation as a highly effective method, achieving Li₂O concentrate grades up to 5.8% from ores initially averaging 1–3.2% Li₂O. Anionic collectors such as oleic acid and sodium oleate were evaluated, with oleic acid proving more effective for spodumene and sodium oleate for lepidolite. Optimal flotation conditions included particle sizes of 45–90 microns, a pH of 10, and a collector dosage of 250 mg/L. Recovery rates exceeded 90%, highlighting froth flotation's potential for high-efficiency, battery- grade lithium recovery in Zimbabwe.

References

[1]. Chelgani, S. C., Rudolph, M., & Sandmann, D. (2024). Evaluation of depressants and activators in lithium flotation from mica-bearing ores. Minerals Engineering, 207, 108102.

[2]. Cook, B. K., & Gibson, C. E. (2023). A review of fatty acid collectors: Implications for spodumene flotation. Minerals, 13(2), 212.

[3]. González-Ibarra, A. A., & Anderson, C. G. (2024). Optimization of spodumene flotation using fatty acid collectors under varying pH conditions. Minerals, 14(1), 36.

[4]. Gür, T. M. (2018). Review of electrical energy storage technologies, materials and systems: Challenges and prospects for large-scale grid storage. Energy & Environmental Science, 11(10), 2696–2767.

[5]. Korbel, C., Filippova, I. V., & Filippov, L. O. (2023). Froth flotation of lithium micas – A review. Minerals Engineering, 192, 107986.

[6]. Kundu, T., et al. (2023). Recovery of lithium from spodumene-bearing pegmatites: A comprehensive review on geological reserves, beneficiation, and extraction. Powder Technology, 415, 118142.

[7]. Laskowski, J. S. (2018). Frothers and frothing. Routledge eBooks, 1–49.

[8]. Li, H., Eksteen, J., & Kuang, G. (2019). Recovery of lithium from mineral resources: State-of-the-art and perspectives – A review. Hydrometallurgy, 189, 105129.

[9]. Pugh, R. J. (1989). Macromolecular organic depressants in sulphide flotation—A review, 1. Principles, types and applications. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 25(1-2), 101–130.

[10]. Sahoo, S. K., et al. (2022). Beneficiation of lithium bearing pegmatite rock: A review. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 1–27.

[11]. Sitando, O., & Crouse, P. L. (2012). Processing of a Zimbabwean petalite to obtain lithium carbonate. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 102–103, 45–50.

[12]. Sousa, R., Ferreira, T., & Oliveira, C. (2019). Flotation of lithium ores to obtain high-grade Li₂ O concentrates: Are there any mineralogical limitations? International Journal of Mining, Materials, and Metallurgical Engineering, 5(1), 7–18.

[13]. Tadesse, B., et al. (2019). The beneficiation of lithium minerals from hard rock ores: A review. Minerals Engineering, 131, 170–184.

[14]. Traore, N., & Kelebek, S. (2022). Characteristics of spent lithium ion batteries and their recycling potential using flotation separation: A review. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 1–29.

[15]. Tran, T., & Luong, V. T. (2015). Chapter 3 - Lithium production processes. In A. Chagnes & J. Światowska (Eds.), Lithium Process Chemistry (pp. 41–63). Elsevier.

[16]. Xu, L., Liu, Q., & Chen, Y. (2016). Selective flotation separation of spodumene from feldspar using new mixed anionic/cationic collectors. Minerals Engineering, 89, 84–92.

[17]. Xie, R., Zhu, Y., Liu, J., Li, Y., Wang, X., & Zhao, S. (2020). Research status of spodumene flotation: A review. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 42(5), 321–334.

[18]. Zhang, X.-Q., et al. (2018). Recent advances in energy chemical engineering of next-generation lithium batteries. Engineering, 4(6), 831–847.

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Review Paper

Optimization of Performance Parameters for Carbonaceous Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries by Dual Ion Beam Sputtering (DIBS) Technology: A Review

Kamal Nain Chopra* , Ritu Walia**

Li-ion Batteries, Double Ion Beam Sputtering (DIBS), Carbon Thin Films, High Damage Threshold Coatings.

Chopra, K. N., and Walia, R. (2024). Optimization of Performance Parameters for Carbonaceous Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries by Dual Ion Beam Sputtering (DIBS) Technology: A Review. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 12(3), 41-47. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.12.3.21679

Abstract

Electrochemical investigations of ion-beam sputter-deposited carbon thin films for Li-ion batteries have recently been drawing attention. This is because of the fact that they have very good adhesion and very high damage threshold, and thus add to the longevity of the batteries. Another recent development has been the evolution of the High-power Laser Coatings Technology. The present paper discusses technically many important aspects - materials and the coating techniques for the development of such coatings, and present important findings for various types of high-power lasers. Finally, it has been suggested to use DIBS Technique for coating the batteries after discussing the magnitude of the improvement in the performance and longevity of the batteries. Also optimization of performance parameters has been presented.

References

[1]. Cook, B. K., & Gibson, C. E. (2023). A review of fatty acid collectors: Implications for spodumene flotation. Minerals, 13(2), 212.

[2]. Korbel, C., Filippova, I. V., & Filippov, L. O. (2023). Froth flotation of lithium micas – A review. Minerals Engineering, 192, 107986.

[3]. González-Ibarra, A. A., & Anderson, C. G. (2024). Optimization of spodumene flotation using fatty acid collectors under varying pH conditions. Minerals, 14(1), 36.

[4]. Hüger, E., Butz, B., & Rüssel, C. (2022). Lithium insertion into carbon films: Insights from TEM and XRR studies. Journal of Power Sources, 520, 230840.

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i-manager's Journal on Material Science (JMS)

Current Issue Vol. 12 Issue 3

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Volume 12 Issue 3 October - December 2024

Thermal Stability of High-Pressure Phase of SrO:Ce Phosphor

Keiji Komatsu* , Atsushi Nakamura**, Hidetoshi Saitoh***

*,*** Department of Materials Science and Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan. ** Chubu Chelest Co., Ltd. Japan.

Komatsu, K., Nakamura, A., and Saitoh, H. (2024). Thermal Stability of High-Pressure Phase of SrO:Ce Phosphor. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 12(3), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.12.3.21696

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Enhanced Light Yield in Organic Plastic Scintillators- Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Polymer Systems

Yuvinka Marcaus*

Department of Material Science, International School of High Management, Tarija, Bolivia.

Marcaus, Y. (2024). Enhanced Light Yield in Organic Plastic Scintillators- Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Polymer Systems. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 12(3), 10-19. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.12.3.21738

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Sugar Adsorption on Nanoporous Carbon Fabricated from Rice Husk

Naoya Kubo* , Yukino Kanma**, Rui Okuda***, Keiji Komatsu****, Hidetoshi Saitoh*****

*-***** Department of Materials Science and Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan.

Kubo, N., Kanma, Y., Okuda, R., Komatsu, K., and Saitoh, H. (2024). Sugar Adsorption on Nanoporous Carbon Fabricated from Rice Husk. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 12(3), 20-30. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.12.3.21687

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Optimizing Froth Flotation Techniques for Sustainable Beneficiation of Spodumene and Lepidolite in Zimbabwe: Enhancing Lithium Recovery for Battery-Grade Material Production

Farai Katsande* , Phiri**, Mufaro S Nyambara***

*-*** Harare Institute of Technology, Harare, Zimbabwe.

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Optimization of Performance Parameters for Carbonaceous Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries by Dual Ion Beam Sputtering (DIBS) Technology: A Review

Kamal Nain Chopra* , Ritu Walia**

Li-ion Batteries, Double Ion Beam Sputtering (DIBS), Carbon Thin Films, High Damage Threshold Coatings.

Chopra, K. N., and Walia, R. (2024). Optimization of Performance Parameters for Carbonaceous Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries by Dual Ion Beam Sputtering (DIBS) Technology: A Review. i-manager’s Journal on Material Science, 12(3), 41-47. https://doi.org/10.26634/jms.12.3.21679

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Keiji Komatsu* , Atsushi Nakamura, Hidetoshi Saitoh*

, Department of Materials Science and Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata, Japan.

Chubu Chelest Co., Ltd. Japan.

Naoya Kubo* , Yukino Kanma, Rui Okuda, Keiji Komatsu, Hidetoshi Saitoh

Farai Katsande* , Phiri, Mufaro S Nyambara*