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i-manager's Journal on Wireless Communication Networks (JWCN)

Current Issue Vol. 12 Issue 1

5G Wireless Communication Systems: Performance Analysis and Optimization using Massive MIMO Technology
Performance Optimization of 5G NR Technology for Industrial Automation
A Comparative Analysis of SDON and Traditional Optical Networks in Elastic Optical Environments
A Review of Techniques for Minimizing Energy Consumption and Enhancing Lifespan in Wireless Sensor Networks
NodeMCU and Wireless Sensor Networks in Agriculture: A Review of Environmental Parameter Sensing

Most Cited

Volume 7 Issue 4 January - March 2019

Research Paper

Cross Layer Optimization with QoS for Heterogenous ad-hoc Network

Anita Sethi* , Sandip Vijay , Rakesh Kumar *

*-*** Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, ICFAI University

Sethi, A., Vijay, S., & Kumar, R. (2019). Cross Layer Optimization With Qos for Heterogenous Ad-Hoc Network. i-manager’s Journal on Wireless Communication Networks, 7(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.26634/jwcn.7.4.15752

Abstract

In this paper, different heuristics for cross-layer optimization for heterogeneous ad-hoc network are reviewed and analyzed. Up to a large extent safety issues and traffic congestion in daily life can be resolved by integrating information and communication methodology into transportation infrastructure and vehicles. High mobility, congestion scalability, dynamic behavior and self-organization makes it stiff to deployment in real time scenario. Performance of the different routing protocols in different scenarios are observed using different simulation tools by different authors in literature. It has been observed from the study that transmission range, obstacles, speed, scalability and road condition influence the performance of different protocols. Quality of Service metrics parameters like speed and mobility of node influence the performance of network. For enhancement of the network performance in real time scenario latest communication technology and infrastructure plays an important role. Packet delivery ratio, goodput and throughput of heterogeneous ad hoc network can be improved by using optimized link prediction heuristic observed by simulation.

References

[1]. Barghi, S., Benslimane, A., & Assi, C. (2009, June). A lifetime-based routing protocol for connecting vanets to the internet. In 2009 IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks & Workshops (pp. 1-9). IEEE.

[2]. Bechler, M., Jaap, S., & Wolf, L. (2005). An optimized TCP for internet access of vehicular ad hoc networks. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 869-880.

[3]. Bononi, L., & Di Felice, M. (2007, October). A cross layered mac and clustering scheme for efficient broadcast in vanets. In 2007 IEEE International Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems (pp. 1- 8). IEEE.

[4]. Caizzone, G., Giacomazzi, P., Musumeci, L., & Verticale, G. (2005, May). A power control algorithm with high channel availability for vehicular ad hoc networks. In IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2005. ICC 2005 (Vol. 5, pp. 3171-3176). IEEE.

[5]. Camp, J., & Knightly, E. (2008, September). Modulation rate adaptation in urban and vehicular environments: cross-layer implementation and experimental evaluation. In Proceedings of the 14^th ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (pp. 315-326). ACM.

[6]. Chen, Y., Xiang, Z., Jian, W., & Jiang, W. (2009, December). A cross-layer AOMDV routing protocol for V2V communication in urban VANET. In 2009 Fifth International Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Networks (pp. 353-359). IEEE.

[7]. Chigan, C., Oberoi, V., & Li, J. (2006, November). WSN07-3: RPB-MACN: A relative position based collisionfree mac nucleus for vehicular ad hoc networks. In IEEE Globecom 2006 (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

[8]. Chiu, K. L., Hwang, R. H., & Chen, Y. S. (2011). Crosslayer design vehicle-aided handover scheme in VANETs. Wireless communications and mobile computing, 11(7), 916-928 doi:10.1002/wcm.861.

[9]. Drigo, M., Zhang, W., Baldessari, R., Le, L., Festag, A., & Zorzi, M. (2009, September). Distributed rate control algorithm for VANETs (DRCV). In Proceedings of the Sixth ACM International Workshop on Vehicular Ar InterNETworking (pp. 119-120). ACM.

[10]. Eichler, S., Schroth, C., Kosch, T., & Strassberger, M. (2006). Strategies for context-adaptive message dissemination in vehicular ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Vehicle-toVehicle Communications (V2VCOM).

[11]. Eriksson, J., Balakrishnan, H., & Madden, S. (2008, September). Cabernet: vehicular content delivery using WiFi. In Proceedings of the 14^th ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing an Networking (pp. 199-210). ACM.

[12]. Jarupan, B., & Ekici, E. (2010). PROMPT: A cross-layer position-based communication protocol for delay-aware vehicular access networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 8(5), 489- 505.

[13]. Korkmaz, G., Ekici, E., & Ozguner, F. (2006). A crosslayer multihop data delivery protocol with fairness guarantees for vehicular networks. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 55(3), 865-875.

[14]. Menouar, H., Lenardi, M., & Filali, F. (2005). A movement prediction based routing protocol for vehicleto- vehicle communications. Communications, 21, 07- 2005.

[15]. Niu, Z., Yao, W., Ni, Q., & Song, Y. (2007, April). Study on QoS support in 802.11 e-based multi-hop vehicular wireless ad hoc networks. In 2007 IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (pp. 705-710). IEEE.

[16]. Rawat, D. B., Yan, G., Popescu, D. C., Weigle, M. C., & Olariu, S. (2009, September). Dynamic adaptation of joint transmission power and contention window in VANET. In 2009 IEEE 70^th Vehicular Technology Conference Fall (pp. 1-5). IEEE.

[17]. Sofra, N., Gkelias, A., & Leung, K. K. (2009, June). Link residual-time estimation for VANET cross-layer design. In 2009 Second International Workshop on Cross Layer Design (pp. 1-5). IEEE.

[18]. Singh, J. P., Bambos, N., Srinivasan, B., & Clawin, D. (2006, March). Cross-layer multi-hop wireless routing for inter-vehicle communication. In 2^nd International Conference on Testbeds and Research Infrastructures for the Development of Networks and Communities, 2006. TRIDENTCOM 2006. (pp. 10) IEEE.

[19]. Torrent-Moreno, M., Santi, P., & Hartenstein, H. (2006, September). Distributed fair transmit power adjustment for vehicular ad hoc networks. In 2006 3^rd Annual IEEE Communications Society on Sensor and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks (Vol. 2, pp. 479-488). IEEE.

[20]. Vutukuru, M., Balakrishnan, H., & Jamieson, K. (2009). Cross-layer wireless bit rate adaptation. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 39(4), 3- 14.

[21]. Wiegel, B., Gunter, Y., & Grossmann, H. P. (2007, September). Cross-layer design for packet routing in vehicular ad hoc networks. In 2007 IEEE 66^thVehicular Technology Conference (pp. 2169-2173). IEEE.

[22]. Zhou, L., Zheng, B., Geller, B., Wei, A., Xu, S., & Li, Y. (2008). Cross-layer rate control, medium access control and routing design in cooperative VANET. Computer Communications, 31(12), 2870-2882.

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Research Paper

Design of Multiband Circular Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications

Suneel E* , Prabhakara Rao B.**

* Research Scholar, ECE Department, JNTUK, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

** Professor of ECE (Rtd), Programme Director, School of nanotechnology, IST, JNTUK, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Suneel , E ., & Rao, B., P.(2019). Design of Multiband Circular Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications. i-manager’s Journal on Wireless Communication Networks, 7(4), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.26634/jwcn.7.4.15828

Abstract

A simple circular patch antenna with notch ground and arc patch is proposed in this paper. Antenna is fed with Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) feed. In this CPW feed ground exists only on top of the substrate and either side of the feed strip. Ground is notched at either top corner to achieve multiband frequency. A small arc gap is created between the feed strip which is attached to arc patch and the circular radiating patch known as capacitive loading to achieve WLAN 5.2/5.8GHz band. Antenna is fabricated on FR4 substrate having dimension (40mmx30mmx1.6mm).Relative dielectric constant of the substrate is 4.4. The proposed antenna covers multiple frequency bands with impedance bandwidth (S11 < −10dB) of 20.4% from 2.2-2.7 GHz, 61% from 4.1-7.7 GHz, and 25.5% from 8.9-11.5 GHz. These operating bands are suitable for 2.4GHz / 5.2GHz / 5.8GHz Wireless local area network (WLAN) bands and X-band applications. Effects of key design parameters such as radius of the patch and length and width of arc have been investigated. Return loss, VSWR, Radiation pattern and gain characteristics of the antenna are investigated. Antenna exhibits positive gain and good radiation characteristics over these frequency ranges. There is a good agreement between the measured and simulation results

References

[1]. Chen, K. R., Sim, C. Y. D., Hsieh, Y. P. & Row. J. S. (2010). CPW-fed equilateral triangular-ring slot antenna with capacitive loading. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol.52, No.12, pp.2775-2780.

[2]. Chouti. L., Messaoudene, I., Denidni, T. A., & Benghalia, A. (2017). Triple-Band CPW-Fed Monopole Antenna for WLAN/WiMAX Applications. Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, 69, 1-7.

[3]. First Order and Report. (2002). Revision of Part 15 of the commission's rules regarding UWB transmission systems. FCC, Washington, DC, FCC 02-48.

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[5]. Hu, L., & Hua, W. (2011). Wide dual-band CPW-fed slot antenna, Electronics Letters, 47(14), 789-790.

[6]. Huang. C. Y., & Yu. E. Z. (2011). A slot –monopole antenna for dual band WLAN applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 10, 500-502.

[7]. Huang. C. Y., Lin. H. C., & Kuo. J. S. (2007). Dual-band monopole antenna excited by a capacitive coupling feed for WLAN applications. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Volume 49.No.5, pp.1135-1138.

[8]. Kasabegoudar, V. G. (2011). Dual frequency ring antennas with coplanar capacitive feed. Progress in Electromagnetics Research C, 23, 27-39.

[9]. Kasabegoudar, V. G., Upadhyay, D., & Vinoy, K. J. (2007). Design studies of ultra wide-band microstrip antennas with a small capacitive feed. International Journal of Antenna and Propagation, Article ID. 67503, 8 pages.

[10]. Krishna, D. D., Gopikrishna, M., & Aanandan, C. K. (2008). A CPW-fed triple band monopole antenna for th WiMAX/WLAN applications. Proceedings of 38 European Microwave Conference (pp.897-900). Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

[11]. Lin. C. C., Yu. E. Z., & Huang. C. Y. (2012). Dual-band rhombus slot antenna fed by CPW-for WLAN applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters. 11, 362- 364.

[12]. Liu. G., Mengli Fang., Ruixing Zhi., Jin Bai., & Zhe Zeng. (2017). Compact CPW-fed Multiband antenna for TD/LTE/WLAN/WiMAXapplications. Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 65, pp.9-14.

[13]. Mehdipour, A., Abdel-Razik, S., Trueman, C. W., & Denidni, T. A. (2012). Compact Multiband Planar antenna for 2.4/3.5/5.2/5.8-GHz wireless applications. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 11, 144-147.

[14]. Ramesh, G., Prakash, B., Inder, B., & Apisak Ittipiboon. (2001). Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook. Norwood, MA, Artech House.

[15]. Ray, K. P. (2008). Design aspects of printed monopole antennas for ultra wide-band applications. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, Article ID. 713858, 8 pages.

[16]. Ruixing, Z., Mengqi, H., Jing, B., Wu. W., & Gui, L. (2018). Miniature Multiband Antenna for WLAN and XBand Satellite Communications applications. Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 75, pp.13-18.

[17]. Tiang, J. J., Islam, M. T., Misran, N., & Manideep, J. S. (2011). Circular microstrip slot antenna for dual frequency RFID application. Progress In Electromagnetics Research, 120, 499-512.

[18]. Tsai, L. C. (2014). A dual band bow-tie shaped CPWfed slot antenna for WLAN applications. Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol.47.

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Research Paper

Investigating the Impact of Network Size on LANMAR Routing Protocol in a Multi-Hop Ad hoc Network

Dumala Anveshini * , S. Pallamsetty**

* Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

** Professor, Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Anveshini , D,. & Setty, S., P. (2019). Investigating the Impact of Network Size on LANMAR Routing Protocol in a Multi-Hop Ad hoc Network i-manager’s Journal on Wireless Communication Networks, 7(4), 19-26. https://doi.org/10.26634/jwcn.7.4.15939

Abstract

Multi-hop network is a wireless network that is formed for a temporary purpose. Unlike wired network, no centralized control over the network. So, all the devices act as both node and router. Nodes have the property of moving with certain speed. Due to this property, there is a dynamic change in the connections among nodes. At any time, there is a change in number of nodes and their speed of movingin the network. Network size is the number of nodes participating in the networks. It has a noticeableinfluence on the network scalabilityandconnectivity. These two properties have a great impact on MANET. This paper makes an effort to study the influence of one of the most important parameters i.e. network size on the performance of MANET while implementing LANMAR routing protocol.

References

[1]. Anveshini, D., & Pallam S. P. (2018). A comparative study of various mobility speeds of nodes on the performance of LANMAR in Mobile Ad hoc Network. International Journal of Computer Sciences and Engineering, 6(9), 192-198.

[2]. Bharti, V., Naveen, S., & Bhupender, Y. (2012). Performance Comparison of Wireless Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks on the basis of various simulation parameters. International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and Technology, 1(2), 75-84.

[3]. Dinesh, S., Ashish, K. M., & Anil, K. S. (2001). Comparative performance analysis of LANMAR, LAR1, DYMO and ZRP routing protocols in MANET using Random Waypoint Mobility Model. 3^rd International Conference on Electronics Computer Technology. IEEE.

[4]. Gerla, M. (2002). Fisheye state routing protocol (FSR) for ad hoc networks. Internet Draft, draft-ietf-manet-fsr- 03.txt, work in progress.

[5]. Harish, S., Sanjeev, S., & Santoh, S. (2011). Performance analysis of DYMO, LANMAR, STAR routing protocols for Grid Placement model with varying Network Size. International Journal of Computer Technology and Applications, 2(6), 1755-1760.

[6]. Ilyas, M. (2003). The Handbook of Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. CRC Press.

[7]. Koushik, C. P., Vetrivelan, P., & Ratheesh, R. (2015). Energy efficient Landmark selection for Group Mobility Model in MANET. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 8(26), 1-7.

[8]. Mario, G. (2003). Landmark Routing Protocol (LANMAR) for Large Scale Ad Hoc Networks. Internet Draft, draft-ietf-manet-lanmar-05.txt, work in progress.

[9]. Mehran, A., Tadeusz, W., & Eryk, D. (2004). A review of routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks. Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences.

[10]. Neeraj, V., & Sarita, S. (2017). A review of different routing protocols in MANET. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science, 8(3), 338- 342.

[11]. Pei, G., Gerla, M., & Chen, T. W. (2000). Fisheye State Routing: A routing scheme for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. Proceedings of ICC.

[12]. Pei, G. M., & Gerla, X. H. (2000). LANMAR: Landmark Routing for Large Scale Wireless Ad Hoc Networks with Group Mobility. Proceedings of IEEE/ACM MobiHOC.

[13]. Surinder, S., Dhaliwal, B. S., Rahul. M., & Mahendra. K. (2017). Impact of mobility and terrain size on performance of hybrid routing protocol in Mobile Adhoc Network. International Journal of Electronics Engineering Research, 9(1), 105-119.

[14]. Tamilselvan, G. M. (2010). Performance analysis of Coexistent Heterogeneous Networks for various Routing Protocols using Qualnet Simulation. International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering, 2(2), 156-165.

[15]. Tsuchiya, P. F. (1988). The Landmark Hierarchy: A new hierarchy for routing in very large networks. In Computer Communication Review, 18(4), 35-42.

[16]. Yeng-Zhong, L., Jason, C., Xiaoyun, H., Kaixin, X., Teresa, B., Mario, G.(2008). Experimental Evaluation of LANMAR: A Scalable Ad-Hoc Routing Protocol. “MINUTEMAN” project.

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Research Paper

Silent Zero Communication (RBNSiZeComm) Protocol to Enhance the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network: A Comparative Study

Deepak Sopara* , Shailaja Y. Kanawade , Vikas Soni*

- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Modi Institute of Technology, Naya Gaon, Rawatbhata Road, Kota-324 010 (Rajasthan), INDIA

Modi Institute of Technology, Naya Gaon, Rawatbhata Road, Kota-324 010 (Rajasthan), INDIA

Sopara, D., Kanawade, S., Y., & Soni, V. (2019). Silent Zero Communication (RBNSiZeComm) Protocol to Enhance the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network: A Comparative Study. i-manager’s Journal on Wireless Communication Networks , 7(4), 27-34. https://doi.org/10.26634/jwcn.7.4.16088

Abstract

It has already been found in the literature that Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is the emerging and attractive topic of the research all around the world in recent years and have been widely applicable in the various application of engineering. The radios are employed in WSNs with only simple digital modulation techniques such as Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), On-Off Key (OOK) and Frequency Shift Key (FSK). The lifetime of WSNs is more important factor, therefore, energy efficient communication protocol is required in order to enhance the life of WSNs. Considering this fact in the mind, in this paper, a communication protocol called as RBNSiZeComm (Redundant Binary Number Silent through Zero digit Communication) protocol has been implemented. RBNSiZeComm is basically based on a non-coherent detection and uses Redundant Binary Number (RBN) representation coupled with silent periods for communicating the digit zero. The presented communication technique (RBNSiZeComm) has been compared with some communication schemes available in the literature. RBNSiZeComm proves itself as a high energy efficient technique for data transmission. A hybrid modulation scheme using FSK and ASK with non-coherent detection based receiver has been used for this protocol. This protocol is very beneficial for the applications involving low power wireless networks for 58% to 95 % energy saving.

References

[1]. Adu-Manu, K. S., Adam, N., Tapparello, C., Ayatollahi, H., Heinzelman, W. (2018). Energy-Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks (EH-WSNs): A review. ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN), 14(2), 1-10.

[2]. Akhtar, F., Rehmani, M. H. (2015). Energy Replenishment using renewable and traditional energy resources for sustainable Wireless Sensor Networks: A review, Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 45, 769-784.

[3]. Al-Karaki, J. N., & Kamal, A. E. (2004). Routing techniques in Wireless Sensor Networks: A survey. IEEE Wireless Commun., 11(6).

[4]. Cagalj, M., Hubaux, J. P., & Enz, C. C. (2005). Energy- Efficient broadcasting in all-wireless Networks. Wireless Network, 11(1/2), 177-188.

[5]. Chen, Y. P., Liestman, A. L., & Liu, J. (2005). Energyefficient data aggregation hierarchy for Wireless Sensor Networks. Proc. Q Shine '05.

[6]. Chen, Y. P., Wang, D., & Zhang, J. (2006). Variable base Tacit Communication: A new energy efficient communication scheme for sensor networks. Proc. International Conference. Integrated Internet Ad Hoc Sensor Network.

[7]. DemirkolI, Ersoy, C., & Alagoz, F. (2005). MAC Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks, a survey. IEEE Communication Magzine.

[8]. Du, R., Fischione, C., & Xiao, M. (2017). Joint node deployment and wireless energy transfer scheduling for immortal sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 15^th International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc, and Wireless Networks (WiOpt '17) (pp.1-8).

[9]. Engmann, F., Abdulai, J. D., & Azasoo, J. O. (2016). Enhancing the Reliability of WSN through Wireless Energy Transfer. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications (pp. 610- 618).

[10]. Enz, C., El-Hoiydi, A., Decotignie, J. D., & Pereis, V. (2004). WiseNET: An Ultralow-Power Wireless Sensor Network Solution. IEEE Computer, 37(8), 62-70.

[11]. Ghosh, R. N., Sinha, K., Sinha, B. P., & Datta, D. (2008). TSS: An energy efficient communication scheme for low power wireless networks. Proc. IEEE Intl. Perf. Comput. Commun. Conf. (pp. 85-92).

[12]. Intanagonwiwat, C., Govindan, R., Estrin, D., Heidemann, J. S., & Silva, F. (2003). Directed diffusion for Wireless Sensor Networking. IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking, 11(1), 2-16.

[13]. Jadhav, G., Kanawade, S., & Gade, A. (2013). RBN SiZe Command TSS: An energy efficient communication Schemes for Wireless Networks. Special Issue of International Journal of Electronics, Communication & Soft Computing Science & Engineering, (IJECSCSE ),

[14]. Jea, D., Liu, J., Schmid, T., & Srivastava, M. (2008). Hassle Free Fitness Monitoring, 2^nd Intl. Workshop Syst. Network. Support Health care Assisted Living Environments.

[15]. Laguna, P. (1997). A database for evaluation of algorithms for measurement of QT and other waveform intervals. In The ECG, Computer Cardiology, 24, 673-676.

[16]. Li, Y., Ye, W., & Heidemann, J. (2005). Energy and latency control in low duty cycle MAC Protocols. Proc. IEEE Wireless Communication Network Conference (pp. PHY 30-4).

[17]. Polastre, J., Szewczyk, R., & Culler, D. (2005). TELOS: Enabling Ultra-Low Power Wireless Research, Proc. 4^th Intl. Symp. Inf. Process. Sensor Netw. (pp.364-369).

[18]. Rault, T., Bouabdallah, A., & Challal, Y. (2014). Energy efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks: A top-down survey, Computer Networks, 67, 104-122.

[19]. Sinha, K. (2008). A new energy efficient MAC protocol based on redundant radix for wireless networks. Proc. Recent Trends in Information Systems (RETIS), 167- 172.

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Review Paper

Using Wireless Sensor Network For Acquiring Environmental Parameters For Designing An Early Warning System For Pomegranate Farmers: A Review

Anil Dattatraya Nimbalkar* , Yuvaraj Patil**

* Kolhapur Institute of Technology's College of Engineering (Autonomous) Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.

** Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering in the Kolhapur Institute of Technology's College of Engineering (Autonomous) Kolhapur, Maharashtra,India.

Nimbalkar, A., & Patil, Y. (2019). Review Paper on Pomegranate Field Using Wireless Sensor Network. i-manager’s Journal on Wireless Communication Networks, 7(4),35-42. https://doi.org/10.26634/jwcn.7.4.15989

Abstract

Now a days it is required to have techniques and systems which detect and prevent the crops from being affected by different diseases.Agriculture environment is dynamic entity and changing continuously. Ground water depletion, soil erosion, attack of new pest and diseases, fragmentation of land, rural-urban migration and power supply availability for farming are some of the new challenges presently being faced in the agricultural field. In the field conditions at the farm in terms of Temperature, Soil Moisture, Humidity and Water level are acquired with the help of corresponding sensors and the real time values of the parameters is stored on the cloud. The Values of the parameters is communicated to the cloud with the help of NodeMCU Microcontroller Unit which is the main component of the system which acts as a gateway between field and the Internet. This system helps the farmer in accessing the field parameters on the go, thus promotes smart Agriculture.

References

[1]. Akshay, C., Karnwal, N., Abhfeeth, K. A., Khandelwal, R., Govindraju, T., Ezhilarasi, D., & Sujan, Y. (2012, December). Wireless sensing and control for precision Green house management. In 2012 Sixth International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST) (pp. 52-56). IEEE.doi:10.1109/ICSensT.2012.6461735

[2]. Al-Fuqaha, A., Guizani, M., Mohammadi, M., Aledhari, M., & Ayyash, M. (2015). Internet of Things: A survey on enabling technologies, protocols, and applications. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 17(4), 2347-2376. doi:10.1109/COMST.2015. 2444095

[3]. Bhange, M. A., & Hingoliwala, H. A. (2015). A review of image processing for pomegranate disease detection. International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies, 6(1), 92-94.

[4]. Bhanu, B. B., Rao, K. R., Ramesh, J. V. N., & Hussain, M. A. (2014, September). Agriculture field monitoring and analysis using Wireless Sensor Networks for improving crop production. In 2014 Eleventh International Conference on Wireless and Optical Communications Networks (WOCN) (pp.1-7). IEEE.

[5]. Chang, H., Zhou, N., Zhao, X., Cao, Q., Tan, M., & Zhang, Y. (2014, October). A new agriculture monitoring system based on WSNs. In 2014 12^thInternational Conference on Signal Processing (ICSP) (pp. 1755-1760). IEEE.

[6]. Deepika, G., & Rajapirian, P. (2016, February). Wireless sensor network in precision agriculture: A survey. In 2016 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering, Technology and Science (ICETETS) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.

[7]. Divya, P., Sonkiya, S., Das, P., Manjusha, V. V., & Ramesh, M. V. (2014, September). Cawis: Context aware wireless irrigation system. In 2014 International Conference on Computer, Communications, and Control Technology (I4CT) (pp. 310-315). IEEE.

[8]. Grace, K. V., Kharim, S., & Sivasakthi, P. (2015, April). Wireless sensor based control system in agriculture field. In 2015 Global Conference on Communication Technologies (GCCT) (pp. 823-828). IEEE.

[9]. Mittal, A., Chetan, K. P., Jayaraman, S., Jagyasi, B. G., Pande, A., & Balamuralidhar, P. (2012, December). mKRISHI wireless sensor network platform for precision agriculture. In 2012 Sixth International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST) (pp. 623-629). IEEE.

i-manager's Journal on Wireless Communication Networks (JWCN)

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Volume 7 Issue 4 January - March 2019

Cross Layer Optimization with QoS for Heterogenous ad-hoc Network

Anita Sethi* , Sandip Vijay **, Rakesh Kumar ***

*-*** Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, ICFAI University

Sethi, A., Vijay, S., & Kumar, R. (2019). Cross Layer Optimization With Qos for Heterogenous Ad-Hoc Network. i-manager’s Journal on Wireless Communication Networks, 7(4), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.26634/jwcn.7.4.15752

Abstract

References

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Design of Multiband Circular Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications

Suneel E* , Prabhakara Rao B.**

* Research Scholar, ECE Department, JNTUK, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India. ** Professor of ECE (Rtd), Programme Director, School of nanotechnology, IST, JNTUK, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Suneel , E ., & Rao, B., P.(2019). Design of Multiband Circular Patch Antenna for Wireless Applications. i-manager’s Journal on Wireless Communication Networks, 7(4), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.26634/jwcn.7.4.15828

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Investigating the Impact of Network Size on LANMAR Routing Protocol in a Multi-Hop Ad hoc Network

Dumala Anveshini * , S. Pallamsetty**

* Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. ** Professor, Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Anveshini , D,. & Setty, S., P. (2019). Investigating the Impact of Network Size on LANMAR Routing Protocol in a Multi-Hop Ad hoc Network i-manager’s Journal on Wireless Communication Networks, 7(4), 19-26. https://doi.org/10.26634/jwcn.7.4.15939

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Silent Zero Communication (RBNSiZeComm) Protocol to Enhance the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network: A Comparative Study

Deepak Sopara* , Shailaja Y. Kanawade **, Vikas Soni***

*-** Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Modi Institute of Technology, Naya Gaon, Rawatbhata Road, Kota-324 010 (Rajasthan), INDIA *** Modi Institute of Technology, Naya Gaon, Rawatbhata Road, Kota-324 010 (Rajasthan), INDIA

Sopara, D., Kanawade, S., Y., & Soni, V. (2019). Silent Zero Communication (RBNSiZeComm) Protocol to Enhance the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network: A Comparative Study. i-manager’s Journal on Wireless Communication Networks , 7(4), 27-34. https://doi.org/10.26634/jwcn.7.4.16088

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Using Wireless Sensor Network For Acquiring Environmental Parameters For Designing An Early Warning System For Pomegranate Farmers: A Review

Anil Dattatraya Nimbalkar* , Yuvaraj Patil**

* Kolhapur Institute of Technology's College of Engineering (Autonomous) Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India. ** Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering in the Kolhapur Institute of Technology's College of Engineering (Autonomous) Kolhapur, Maharashtra,India.

Nimbalkar, A., & Patil, Y. (2019). Review Paper on Pomegranate Field Using Wireless Sensor Network. i-manager’s Journal on Wireless Communication Networks, 7(4),35-42. https://doi.org/10.26634/jwcn.7.4.15989

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Anita Sethi* , Sandip Vijay , Rakesh Kumar *

* Research Scholar, ECE Department, JNTUK, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

** Professor of ECE (Rtd), Programme Director, School of nanotechnology, IST, JNTUK, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

* Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

** Professor, Department of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Deepak Sopara* , Shailaja Y. Kanawade , Vikas Soni*

- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Modi Institute of Technology, Naya Gaon, Rawatbhata Road, Kota-324 010 (Rajasthan), INDIA

Modi Institute of Technology, Naya Gaon, Rawatbhata Road, Kota-324 010 (Rajasthan), INDIA

* Kolhapur Institute of Technology's College of Engineering (Autonomous) Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.

** Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering in the Kolhapur Institute of Technology's College of Engineering (Autonomous) Kolhapur, Maharashtra,India.