An Experimental Investigation to Determine the Failure Load of Optimal Hammer Head Pier Cap and Interpolate using Univariate Splines Machine Learning Algorithm
Assessment of Radius of Curvature along the Existing Road Networks
Sustainable Urban Infrastructure: A Comprehensive Review of Environmental Safety Practices in Civil Engineering
Experimental Investigation on the Influence of Recycled Aggregate on the Durability and Mechanical Properties of Concrete
A Step by Step Analysis to Solve the Equation of Motion in Space and Time using Basis Splines - A Class Room Example
Estimating the Soil Moisture Index using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) And Land Surface Temperature (LST) for Bidar and Kalaburagi District, Karnataka
Roughness Evaluation of Flexible Pavements Using Merlin and Total Station Equipment
Site Suitability Analysis for Solid Waste Dumping in Ranchi City, Jharkhand Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques
Strengthening and Rehabilitation of RC Beams with Openings Using CFRP
Unsaturated Seepage Modeling of Lined Canal Using SEEP/W
A Seasonal Autoregressive Model Of Vancouver Bicycle Traffic Using Weather Variables
Prediction of Compressive Strength of Concrete by Data-Driven Models
Predicting the 28 Days Compressive Strength of Concrete Using Artificial Neural Network
Measuring Compressive Strength of Puzzolan Concrete by Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Method
Design and Analysis of Roller Compacted Concrete Pavements for Low Volume Roads in India
Manufacturing of cement is always accompanied by CO emission and associated problems due to emission of smoke 2 and dust, which are the most vital sources of increasing the pollution & global warming. Hence, the need for utilization of alternate pozzolanic materials like fly ash, silica fume, metakaolin, etc., has become a mandate due to its benefits of improved mechanical and durability characteristics. Most often these are either by-products obtained from industries or naturally occurring minerals. The present investigation is focused towards determining the performance of Wollastonite and fly-ash in cement concrete by determining mechanical and durability characteristics by conducting tests to determine compressive strength, tensile strength, bond strength, Acid attack, Alkali attack, and Rapid Chloride Penetration Test (RCPT). The results of the study on mortars and concretes would be presented in a relative manner quantifying the performance criterion in terms of strength and durability.
Thickness of the pavement affects the subgrade strength in the design of flexible pavements. California Bearing Ratio (CBR) is one of the methods to determine the subgrade strength. The conventional soaked CBR testing method is expensive, laborious, and time consuming, so, here an attempt was made for correlating CBR values with the index properties of soils like LL, PL, PI, OMC, and MDD. Correlation co-efficient (R2 ) value of index properties with soaked CBR is determined. In this study, thirty (30) number of soil samples (having 44 < LL < 84) were collected from different parts of Sangareddy District (Telangana). Different laboratory tests, including Atterberg limits, Specific Gravity, Gradation Analysis, soaked CBR and compaction were performed on these samples and various linear relationships were established between index properties and soaked CBR of the samples using a statistical software (SPSS). Simple and multiple linear regression analysis was performed and eight (8) predictive equations were developed for estimating the soaked CBR value from the index properties of soil with a maximum R2 value of 0.947.
Use of Self-compacting concrete (SCC) in construction industry makes heavily congested reinforced area easier by avoiding vibration and reduces the time of construction, labor requirement and equipment on construction sites, noise reduction due to vibration, and better surface finishing. However, use of SCC is limited because it requires more binder content, chemical admixtures as cost is higher as compared to conventional concrete. SCC can be cost effective and eco-friendly by addition of mineral admixture as a partial replacement to cement and is the way to reduce the binder content. However, the durability of such SCC needs to be proven. In the present investigation, effect of freezing and thawing on quaternary blended SCC were found for different water binder ratio and compared with control self compacting concrete. The result shows that the effect of freezing and thawing was reduced on quaternary blended self compacting concrete with control self compacting concrete.
Road bumps are elevated pavements placed transversely to the road, forcing the driver to reduce the speed of their vehicles. They play a crucial role in increasing safety at sharp curves, residential streets and accident prone areas by controlling the speed of the vehicles. The amount of speed reduced mainly depends on length, height, and type of speed breakers. Major types of speed breakers generally adopted are speed bumps, speed humps, and artificial speed breakers. This paper aims to find the variation of speeds of different class of vehicles at speed breakers and to develop a model for finding the bump height that should be provided at that particular road for a given safe speed limits of different types of vehicles on that road section. To achieve this, three locations were selected, two locations in Hyderabad and one location near Autonagar area of Vijayawada city. Volume counts for the above roads were observed for every 15 -minute intervals. The video was recorded during peak hours and the variation of speeds before and after 10 m from speed breakers were calculated at these locations. The average reduction in speed of vehicles with respect to the approaching speed at the distance of 10 m from bump is 52.69% at KPHB, 64.5% at ORR, and 39.26% at Vijayawada.
Provision of utility and service ducts are important part of modern building construction. To facilitate fast and uninterrupted progress, the layout of these ducts are planned in advance. Their positions are decided considering the head room provisions in buildings, aesthetic look, etc., without jeopardizing the strength, stability and serviceability of the structures. To fulfill these aspects, often ducts have to pass through main load bearing elements like beams. The present work is to explore the behavior of rectangular RCC beams with circular opening under torsion load. The torsional capacity of beams with opening are extracted experimentally. The study is extended by retrofitting the beams with four layers of bidirectional woven GFRP fabric applied by following orientation 90/90/90/90.The restoring torsion capacity, crack patterns are observed and the strength has been increased by retrofitting.
Pedestrian crossing plays a vital role in urban transportation system. For any city, walking has always been a prime source of human mobility for short distance travel. With the increase in vehicular population, traffic congestion has become a major problem for safe operations of pedestrian crossing in most of the metropolitan cities. This has explained the planner for providing sufficient pedestrian gap for safe crossings on urban road, as this gap is not provided and has resulted in hazardous operation of pedestrian movement. Pedestrian behaviour is influenced by age, gender, crossing type, vehicular speed, and gap acceptance. This paper aims in understanding factors that influence pedestrian crossing behaviour and gap acceptance. Four locations were chosen for identification of Pedestrian crossing behaviour, gap characteristics, waiting time, crossing time, etc., in Hyderabad city. Two locations were mid-block and other two were intersections; one signalized and other un-signalized intersection. Study locations were selected based on land use pattern in the city. It was observed from the study that pedestrian behaviour and crossing patterns are different. A mathematical gap acceptance model was developed from the data which improves the pedestrian safety at mid-block location. This model is validated using the existing data. Further this model shall be used for designing safe operations of pedestrian movement at mid-block locations in urban cities which exhibits land use pattern of similar type.
Earthquakes symbolise severe test for the stability of constructions than any other natural calamity. The construction of earthquake resistant buildings is one of the best steps one can take to ensure the safety of structures. Although steel and reinforced concrete have made it possible to design buildings which are likely to resist major tremors without threat to life of inhabitants, but the traditional constructions systems in most areas usually lack seismic resistant features. Kashmir valley is situated in NW Himalaya, prone to severe seismicity, poor and largely detached from mainstream of industrialised society, with construction methods remaining almost unchanged for generations. The area is regularly rocked by earthquakes. The traditional houses in Kashmir are built with a wooden framework, so as to resist them from earthquake shocks. Conventional Kashmiri construction pattern, to some extent, was well suitable for resisting earthquake damage, but as the rapid increase in population of the valley up to 10 million, elegant traditional buildings paved a way to unstable, poorly built structures, possessing little resistance to earthquake ground motions. Although there is a deficiency of industrial-level precision in old buildings, still they are resistant to earthquakes to some extent. The purpose of the study will be useful in knowing how people have dealt with earthquake hazards in the past, especially in Srinagar city. The outcomes of the study indicate that most of the buildings studied are vulnerable to earthquakes and immediate measures should be taken to make them safe for useful purposes.
