The rapid increase for lithium demand, driven by its critical role in battery technologies, requires efficient and cost-effective extraction methods from hard rock concentrates like spodumene. This review comprehensively evaluates lithium extraction processes, with a particular focus on sulfuric acid roasting and potassium sulfate roasting methods. Detailed insights into the chemistry, process parameters, environmental impact, and economic feasibility of these techniques are presented. By highlighting the advantages, limitations, and industrial applications of each method, this article provides a framework for optimizing lithium recovery from hard rock concentrates.